ANATOMICAL KINESIOLOGY

TOPICS
A. Orientation and introduction to Kinesiology	..
B. Description of Motion	..
C. Osteology
Osteology and Description of Motion Midterm Exam
D. Neuromuscular Fundamentals
E. Basic biomechanical factors and concepts
F. Phasic Anatomical Analysis projects
Neuromuscular and Biomechanical Midterm Exam
G. The Upper Extremity: Shoulder Region
H. The Upper Extremity: The elbow, forearm, wrist and hand
I. Muscular Analysis of the Upper Extremities
Muscular Analysis of the Upper Extremities Midterm
J. The Lower Extremity: The hip region
K. The Lower Extremity: The knee, ankle and foot
L. The Spinal Column and Thorax
Muscular Analysis of Trunk and Lower Extremities
Muscular Analysis of the Trunk and Lower Extremities Midterm
M. Motor Patterns: Pushing and Pulling
N. Motor Patterns: Throwing, Striking and Kicking
..
O. Ligaments

Electrochemistry and Electrolyte Solutions

Electrochemistry and Electrolyte Solutions

Activities of Ions in Solution
Debye-Huckel Theory
Gibbs Free Energy of Solvation and the Poisson Equation
Poisson-Boltzmann Equation
Photosynthesis Z-scheme
Ionic Activities from Electrochemical Cells
Metal Insoluble Salt Electrodes

Kinetics Lecture Notes

1st and 2nd Order Reactions
Parallel Reactions-Competitive Reactions
Progress to Equilibrium
Consecutive Reactions Reactions
Integrating Rate Laws Using the Finite Difference Approximation
Kinetics Mechanism Simulation Introduction
First Order Rate Laws and Stella
SN1 Mechanism
Pre-Equilibrium Mechanism - Michaelis - Menten Mechanisim
Chain Mechanisms
Unimolecular Reactions- Lindemann-Henshelwood Mechanism
Dynamic NMR
Temperature Jump Kinetics

Kinetics of the Diels–Alder reaction between C60 and acenes

The kinetics of the Diels–Alder reactions between C₆₀ and the linear acenes anthracene and tetracene are studied in toluene, in the temperature range 22–63 °C. It is observed that tetracene reacts much more readily with C₆₀ than does anthracene. The different reactivities of anthracene and tetracene towards C₆₀ correlate with the respective aromaticity loss upon cycloaddition, as previously predicted theoretically. The two monoadducts also display different kinetics as regards the dissociation back to the reagents. In the studied temperature range, tetracene monoadduct decomposition by retro-Diels–Alder reaction is negligible, while the anthracene monoadduct is unstable above room temperature.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6TFN-4DSR428-1-1&_cdi=5231&_user=10&_orig=browse&_coverDate=12%2F11%2F2004&_sk=995999998&view=c&wchp=dGLzVlz-zSkzV&md5=017bdbe638460a885ea67249f9118464&ie=/sdarticle.pdf

The Effect of Resultant Force at the Pushrim on Shoulder Kinetics During Manual Wheelchair Propulsion: A Simulation Study

The aim of this study was to determine, by simulation on real data, the effect of modifying the direction or effectiveness of a given force amplitude on the load sustained by the shoulder estimated by joint forces and moments. Kinematics and kinetics data were recorded on 14 manual wheelchair users (68.2$ pm $5.2 years) for 10 s at sub-maximal speed (0.96–1.01 m/s). The simulation consisted in modifying force effectiveness at the pushrim while maintaining the same initial force amplitude. Shoulder kinetics were computed for simulated resultant forces from radial to tangent directions and also for initial force effectiveness. The results show that as the force was simulated tangent to the wheel, there was a significant increase in the average proximal and anterior shoulder joint forces. Also, significant increases in average internal rotation, flexion in the sagittal and horizontal plane moments were reported. Higher shoulder kinetics could accelerate the onset of fatigue and increase the risk of injury. A single-case analysis revealed an improvement window for force effectiveness ( $sim $10%) in which shoulder kinetics were not substantially increased. Our results provide useful information on what would happen to shoulder kinetics if we were able to teach manual wheelchair users to modify their force pattern at the pushrim. The results suggest that for an elderly population, it is not wise to aim at producing a mechanically optimal resultant force at the pushrim (i.e., tangent). Smaller increases of the initial force effectiveness would be preferable.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4472067&isnumber=4472060

Anatomic and functional aspects of the kinetics of the shoulder joint capsule and the subacromial bursa

This anatomic study was devoted to the kinetics of the shoulder joint and especially the subacromial region. Following dissection of the shoulder joint capsule and subacromial region of 80 unpreserved shoulder joints, the anatomic relationships of the subacromial space in the neutral position and in continuous abduction (30°, 60° and 90° with fixed scapulae) were examined. These investigations were supplemented by histologic preparations. In the course of our examinations we discovered a gliding mechanism of the subacromial bursa. Moreover, we found a subcoracoid attachment of the shoulder joint capsule and a precoracoid ligamentous connection running between the short head of the biceps brachii m. and the coracoacromial ligament. We termed this the coracoid aponeurosis, which facilitates gliding behaviour of the shoulder joint capsule beneath the coracoid process. In view of this gliding mechanism of the subacromial bursa and the coracoid aponeurosis, discovered in the course of our investigations, we have to reassess the kinetics of the sub-acromial and subcoracoid space. Further, we should reconsider our operative technique in cases of the subacromial or subcoracoid impingement syndrome.

http://www.springerlink.com/content/nn86pt47h471266v/fulltext.pdf